Neuroprotective effects of L carnitine towards oxidative stress and inflammatory processes: a review of its importance as a therapeutic drug in some disorders Metabolic Brain Disease Springer Nature Link Carnitine metabolic disorders and novel clinical approaches: Mechanistic insights from deficiency management to liver and kidney disease treatment ScienceDirect L carnitine is primarily synthesized in the liver from the amino acids lysine and methionine through a series of four enzymatic reactions, with the liver and kidneys converting the precursor butyrobetaine into active Comparison of short term and long term effects of peroral L carnitine intake: clinical implications of elevated TMAO levels in cardiovascular complications